base64_image　　为满足沼气发电机组对气质的要求，需要对沼气进行脱水、脱硫、除杂、除尘处理，以降低沼气对机体的腐蚀和磨损，确保发电机组稳定运行，延长设备使用寿命。因此，在沼气进入发电机组前需配套上一套沼气预处理系统。根据业主方的要求及提供的沼气的工艺参数，脱硫净化采用湿法脱硫方法，运用新开发的工艺路线及高效脱硫塔传质内件，以保证净化气能满足发电机组对气质的要求。多余的沼气或机组停机检修时排放的沼气，送火炬燃烧处理掉，减少对空气造成的污染。

　　To meet the requirements of the biogas generator set for gas quality, it is necessary to treat the biogas with dehydration, desulfurization, impurity removal, and dust removal to reduce the corrosion and wear on the engine body, ensure stable operation of the generator set, and prolong the service life of the equipment. Therefore, a biogas pretreatment system needs to be installed before the biogas enters the generator set. According to the requirements of the owner and the provided process parameters of the biogas, wet desulfurization is adopted for desulfurization and purification, utilizing a newly developed process route and high-efficiency mass transfer internals of the desulfurization tower to ensure that the purified gas meets the requirements of the generator set for gas quality. Excess biogas or biogas discharged during machine downtime for maintenance is sent to the flare for combustion treatment to reduce air pollution.

　　沼气/瓦斯气预处理-湿法脱硫

　　技术方案和工艺描述

　　从厌氧反应罐来的沼气，进入稳压储气柜，经气液分离器分离掉气体中夹带的少量冷凝水、油污等杂质后进入罗茨鼓风机升压，同时气体温度也升高，经冷却塔冷却降温后进入脱硫塔，利用合理的反应条件可有效地将沼气中的硫化氢脱除，考虑到该项目业主方提供的原料沼气中硫含量非常高，本装置采用三级脱硫。脱硫后的气体进入洗涤塔洗掉气体中夹带的脱硫液雾沫，再经除沫器除沫、冷却、精滤、缓冲后送后工序使用。本系统脱硫塔采用新开发的高效喷淋传质内件，该塔具有结构简单，效率高，阻力小，防堵塔，投资小，运行费用低等优点，且溶液循环量比填料塔要少。

　　Biogas/Methane Pre-treatment - Wet Desulfurization Technical Proposal and Process Description The biogas from the anaerobic reaction tank enters the pressure-stabilizing gas storage tank, where a small amount of condensate water, oil contaminants, and other impurities entrained in the gas are separated by a gas-liquid separator. Then, it enters the Roots blower for pressure boosting, during which the gas temperature also rises. After being cooled and temperature reduced by the cooling tower, it enters the desulfurization tower. Under appropriate reaction conditions, hydrogen sulfide in the biogas can be effectively removed. Considering the high sulfur content in the raw biogas provided by the project owner, this device adopts three-stage desulfurization. The desulfurized gas enters the scrubber to wash away the entrained desulfurization liquid mist, and then undergoes demisting, cooling, fine filtration, and buffering before being sent to the subsequent process for use. The desulfurization tower in this system adopts a newly developed high-efficiency spray mass transfer internals. This tower has the advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low resistance, anti-blocking, low investment, low operating costs, and less solution circulation compared to packed towers.

　　吸收了硫化氢的溶液首先进入富液槽，然后用再生泵将富液打至再生槽，在再生过程中，硫化氢被转变成硫磺泡沫，溶液再生后进入贫液槽，并完成相关溶液的再生，然后由脱硫泵打至脱硫塔，循环吸收气体中的硫化氢。没有废液排放，不产生二次污染。

　　The solution that has absorbed hydrogen sulfide first enters the rich solution tank, and then the rich solution is pumped to the regeneration tank by the regeneration pump. During the regeneration process, hydrogen sulfide is converted into sulfur foam. After the solution is regenerated, it enters the lean solution tank and completes the regeneration of related solutions. Then, it is pumped to the desulfurization tower by the desulfurization pump to recycle and absorb hydrogen sulfide from the gas. No waste liquid is discharged, and no secondary pollution is generated.

　　再生过程中生成的硫泡沫经硫泡沫过滤机过滤后，溶液返回系统，硫泡沫进入硫磺精制工段，可回收硫磺。

　　The sulfur foam generated during the regeneration process is filtered through a sulfur foam filter, after which the solution is returned to the system and the sulfur foam enters the sulfur refining section, where sulfur can be recovered.

　　本装置所有液体全部在系统内部循环使用，所有气体全部送往后工序，产生的固体物为硫磺商品，可直接外售，不会对环境造成污染。

　　All liquids in this device are recycled within the system, and all gases are sent to the subsequent process. The solid waste produced is sulfur, which can be sold directly and will not cause environmental pollution.

　　过程化学反应

　　(1) 碳酸钠水溶液吸收H2S

　　Na2CO3 + H2S = NaHS +NaHCO3

　　NaHCO3 + H2S = NaHS +H2CO3

　　(2) 析硫，生成多硫化物

　　NaHS +1/2 O2 = NaOH +S↓

　　NaOH + NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 +H2O

　　(3)催化剂再生

　　[还原态]Re +O2=[氧化态]OX

　　脱硫溶液控制工艺

　　(1)溶液的组分

　　本方案采用湿式氧化法脱硫工艺，结合我方在脱硫领域多年的经验与探索，脱硫过程选用以纯碱为主的复合型脱硫剂，具有硫容高、脱硫效率高、生产稳定等优点。

　　Process Chemical Reaction

　　(1) Absorption of H2S by aqueous sodium carbonate solution

　　Na2CO3 + H2S = NaHS + NaHCO3

　　NaHCO3 + H2S = NaHS + H2CO3

　　(2) Sulfur precipitation, generating polysulfides

　　NaHS + 1/2 O2 = NaOH + S↓

　　NaOH + NaHCO3 = Na2CO3 + H2O

　　(3) Catalyst regeneration

　　[Reduced state] Re + O2 = [Oxidized state] OX

　　Desulfurization solution control process

　　(1) Components of the solution

　　This scheme adopts a wet oxidation desulfurization process, combining our years of experience and exploration in the field of desulfurization. The desulfurization process selects a composite desulfurizer primarily composed of soda ash, which has the advantages of high sulfur capacity, high desulfurization efficiency, and stable production.

　　(2)再生工艺

　　脱硫溶液的再生有鼓风式再生法和自吸空气喷射再生法，从我方多年的脱硫经验分析，并在借鉴国内外其他脱硫工艺设计的基础上，我们选用自吸空气喷射再生工艺来完成脱硫液在再生槽内的再生过程。

　　(2) Regeneration Process

　　The regeneration of desulfurization solution includes the blast-type regeneration method and the self-priming air jet regeneration method. Based on our years of desulfurization experience and drawing on the design of other desulfurization processes both domestically and internationally, we have chosen the self-priming air jet regeneration process to complete the regeneration of desulfurization solution in the regeneration tank.

　　富液以一定压力进入喷嘴形成液体高速射流，喷嘴周围的吸气室产生负压，将空气吸入喷射器管内。空气里细微气泡扩散于液相中，气液得到充分的接触，形成高速涡流，反应极为快速，再生效率在混合管中可达70%以上。

　　The rich solution enters the nozzle under a certain pressure, forming a high-speed liquid jet. The suction chamber around the nozzle generates negative pressure, drawing air into the injector tube. Fine bubbles in the air diffuse into the liquid phase, allowing sufficient contact between gas and liquid, forming a high-speed vortex. The reaction is extremely rapid, and the regeneration efficiency in the mixing tube can reach over 70%.

　　从对湿法脱硫整体工艺的研究及前期脱硫工程的分析，我们发现，自吸喷射器是再生槽的一关键附件，如果其设计加工和安装达不到技术标准，将会严重影响再生效率的提高，甚至会出现抽气不力和倒流现象。常见再生槽液面不起泡或硫泡沫不起气泡，浮选溢流差、溶液悬浮硫高，导致再生和脱硫效率低均为喷射器吸气强度不足引起了。因此，我方特别注重喷射器的设计与选型，确保脱硫与再生工艺完善地结合起来，达到高效脱硫的目标。

　　Based on the research on the overall process of wet desulfurization and the analysis of early desulfurization projects, we have found that the self-priming injector is a key accessory of the regeneration tank. If its design, processing, and installation fail to meet technical standards, it will seriously affect the improvement of regeneration efficiency, and even lead to insufficient air extraction and backflow. Common issues such as no bubbles on the liquid surface of the regeneration tank or sulfur foam without bubbles, poor flotation overflow, high suspended sulfur in the solution, and low regeneration and desulfurization efficiency are all caused by insufficient suction strength of the injector. Therefore, we pay special attention to the design and selection of the injector to ensure that the desulfurization and regeneration processes are perfectly integrated to achieve the goal of efficient desulfurization.

　　再生槽不仅是自吸空气促使溶液催化剂氧化再生，兼有对溶液的气提释放CO2及硫泡沫的浮选作用。按照湿式氧化法脱硫总反应可核算出再生反应过程中需要吸入的空气量。所以，再生过程要确保再生槽达到一定的吸气强度，同时，也体现出了对喷射器设计的重要性。

　　The regeneration tank not only facilitates the oxidation and regeneration of solution catalyst through self-priming air, but also plays a role in stripping the solution to release CO2 and float the sulfur foam. The amount of air required to be inhaled during the regeneration reaction can be calculated based on the overall reaction of wet oxidation desulfurization. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the regeneration tank achieves a certain level of air intake intensity during the regeneration process, which also highlights the significance of the injector design.

　　本方案在参考以上设计参数的基础上，优化工艺设计，从可行性与经济性角度出发，确保再生与后续脱硫工艺的正常进行。

　　Based on the aforementioned design parameters, this plan optimizes the process design, ensuring the normal operation of the regeneration and subsequent desulfurization processes from the perspectives of feasibility and economy.

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