沼气生物脱硫企业商机

　　Business opportunities for biogas biological desulfurization enterprises

　　含有硫化氢(H2S)的沼气进入脱硫塔底部，在穿过脱硫填料层到达顶端的过程中，含有硫化氢的沼气首先与底部入口处荷载相对高的脱硫剂反应，反应器上部是负载低的脱硫剂层，通过设计良好的沼气空速和线速，干式脱硫能到达良好的精脱硫效果。在沼气进入干式脱硫塔之前，应设置有冷凝水罐或沼气颗粒过滤器。该装置可以消除沼气中夹杂的颗粒杂质，并使得沼气在进入脱硫前含有一定湿度。当观察到脱硫剂变色，或系统压力损失过大时，应交替使用另一个脱硫塔。当前的脱硫塔在沼气放空后，进行自然通风，对脱硫剂进行再生。当再生效果不佳时，应从塔体底部将废弃的脱硫剂排除，在底部排放废弃填料的同时，相同体积的新鲜脱硫填料加入反应器中。在大型的脱硫工程中，一般采用先用湿法进行粗脱硫，之后再通过干法进行精脱硫。乙醇行业沼气生物脱硫设备

　　Biogas containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) enters the bottom of the desulfurization tower, and during the process of passing through the desulfurization packing layer to reach the top, the biogas containing hydrogen sulfide first reacts with the desulfurizer with a relatively high load at the bottom inlet. The upper part of the reactor is the desulfurizer layer with a low load. By designing a good biogas space velocity and line velocity, dry desulfurization can achieve good precision desulfurization effect. Before biogas enters the dry desulfurization tower, a condensate tank or biogas particle filter should be installed. This device can eliminate particle impurities in biogas and make biogas contain a certain humidity before entering desulfurization. When discoloration of the desulfurizer or excessive pressure loss in the system is observed, another desulfurization tower should be used alternately. The current desulfurization tower undergoes natural ventilation after biogas is released to regenerate the desulfurizer. When the regeneration effect is poor, the waste desulfurizer should be removed from the bottom of the tower, and fresh desulfurizer of the same volume should be added to the reactor while discharging the waste packing at the bottom. In large-scale desulfurization projects, the wet method is generally used for coarse desulfurization first, and then the dry method is used for fine desulfurization. Ethanol industry biogas biological desulfurization equipment

　　沼气生物脱硫（简称沼气脱硫）是利用生物菌种去除沼气中腐蚀性强、毒性强的硫化氢气体的一种工艺方法，这个工艺具有自动化程度高，流程简洁，运行成本低等优点。3.工艺原理如下图，厌氧发酵产生的沼气进入洗涤塔，通过与碱性循环喷淋液发生吸收反应，从而去除沼气中的硫化氢。吸收硫化氢的富液回流至生物反应器内，通过生物转化，将硫化氢转化成固态单质硫磺，并将溶液再生为可用于洗涤沼气的碱性吸收液（亦成为贫液），从而实现了吸收剂的回收和再生循环利用。通过硫沉淀器实现硫磺固体的分离。广东食品行业生物脱硫沼气生物脱硫工艺都被较广应用到沼气、填埋气、天然气、水煤气等工业气体脱硫工艺中。

　　Biogas desulfurization (abbreviated as biogas desulfurization) is a process method that uses biological bacteria to remove highly corrosive and toxic hydrogen sulfide gas from biogas. This process has the advantages of high automation, simple process, and low operating costs. 3. The process principle is shown in the following figure. The biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation enters the washing tower and undergoes absorption reaction with the alkaline circulating spray liquid, thereby removing hydrogen sulfide from the biogas. The rich solution that absorbs hydrogen sulfide flows back into the bioreactor, and through biotransformation, hydrogen sulfide is converted into solid elemental sulfur, and the solution is regenerated into alkaline absorption solution (also known as lean solution) that can be used to wash biogas, thereby achieving the recovery and recycling of the absorbent. Separation of sulfur solids is achieved through a sulfur precipitant. The biological desulfurization process of biogas in Guangdong's food industry is widely used in industrial gas desulfurization processes such as biogas, landfill gas, natural gas, and water gas.

　　生物脱硫技能技能原理：脱硫技能技能原理其反响的基本原理是将含H2S的沼气和含有化能自养型微生物的苏打水溶液进行触摸，H2S被碱性溶剂吸收后，经微生物催化生成元素硫或硫酸盐。现在，技能是全球对比老练的脱硫技能之一，它具有以下长处：安全：全部生物脱硫系统是关闭运转的，而且沼气中的H2S被彻底吸收，在吸收器的没有游离的H2S，不会有中毒和伤亡事情，无环境污染。节省：该技能所要的出资少，其首要设备和仪器数量少。运转本钱低，出产所需的操作人员少，减少人力本钱;不需求化学催化剂，生物催化剂不会失活，它自动再生，无须替换，运转中所需化学药品少，节省出产本钱;该技能的操作本钱、保护费用均很低。高效：运用该技能确保脱硫后的天然气中H2S含量小于4ppmv；而且操作弹性大，习惯H2S浓度规模50ppmv～100vol.%，压力规模1～100barg，具有很高的灵活性，能习惯H2S顶峰负荷。该技能的技能流程简略，操控系统和监测系统很少，没有杂乱的操控回路，操作保护简略便利。适用于对含H2S浓度高的小型气田，更经济，效益非常好;而且运用该技能的设备功能稳定，技能牢靠，经济效益好。

　　The principle of biological desulfurization skills: The basic principle of the reaction of desulfurization skills is to touch biogas containing H2S and soda water solution containing chemoautotrophic microorganisms. After H2S is absorbed by alkaline solvents, it is catalyzed by microorganisms to generate elemental sulfur or sulfate. Nowadays, the skill is one of the most experienced desulfurization skills globally, with the following advantages: safety: all biological desulfurization systems are shut down and the H2S in biogas is completely absorbed, with no free H2S in the absorber, no poisoning or injury, and no environmental pollution. Savings: This skill requires less investment and has fewer primary equipment and instruments. Low operating costs, fewer operators required for production, and reduced labor costs; No need for chemical catalysts, biocatalysts will not be deactivated, they regenerate automatically without replacement, require fewer chemicals during operation, and save production costs; The operating cost and protection cost of this skill are both very low. Efficient: Use this skill to ensure that the H2S content in the desulfurized natural gas is less than 4ppmv; Moreover, it has great operational flexibility and is accustomed to H2S concentration ranging from 50ppmv to 100vol.% and pressure ranging from 1 to 100barg. It has high flexibility and can adapt to the peak load of H2S. The skill process of this skill is simple, with few control and monitoring systems, no cluttered control circuits, and simple and convenient operation protection. Suitable for small gas fields with high H2S concentration, more economical and highly profitable; Moreover, the equipment utilizing this skill has stable functionality, reliable skills, and good economic benefits.

　　沼气的性：一般可燃气体都易与空气形成混合物，遇到明火就会，造成设备和人身事故。在使用沼气时，输送、贮存等沼气设施要求有较好的密封性及防爆措施。沼气的毒性：密闭空间中所含甲烷浓度高，使氧气含量下降，就会使人发生窒息，严重者会导致死亡。若空气中的甲烷含量达到规定的25--30%时就会使人发生、头晕、恶心、注意力不集中、动作不协调、乏力、四肢发软等症状。若空气中甲烷含量超过规定的一半以上时就会因严重缺氧而出现呼吸困难、心动过速、昏迷以致窒息而死亡。注意事项：沼气脱硫设备应由专人看管，沼气管道上的所有阀门必须由专人进行调节。沼气脱硫设备附近应做到良好通风，以防设备附近沼气聚积。沼气脱硫设备附近严禁动用明火。沼气脱硫设备长期停用应将沼气管上的所有手动阀门关闭。定期检查沼气管道上所有阀门的密闭性，防止发生沼气泄漏事故。一体式脱硫效率高，可达95%～99%，运行成本低，自动化程度高，操作简便，造价较低。

　　The properties of biogas: Generally, combustible gases are prone to form mixtures with air, which can cause equipment and personal accidents when exposed to open flames. When using biogas, facilities such as transportation and storage require good sealing and explosion-proof measures. Toxicity of biogas: High methane concentration in enclosed spaces can cause a decrease in oxygen content, leading to suffocation and even death in severe cases. If the methane content in the air reaches the prescribed 25-30%, it will cause symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, lack of concentration, uncoordinated movements, fatigue, and limb weakness. If the methane content in the air exceeds half of the prescribed level, severe hypoxia can cause breathing difficulties, tachycardia, coma, suffocation, and death. Attention: The biogas desulfurization equipment should be supervised by a dedicated person, and all valves on the biogas pipeline must be adjusted by a dedicated person. Good ventilation should be maintained near the biogas desulfurization equipment to prevent the accumulation of biogas near the equipment. Open flames are strictly prohibited near biogas desulfurization equipment. If the biogas desulfurization equipment is not in use for a long time, all manual valves on the biogas pipes should be closed. Regularly check the sealing of all valves on the biogas pipeline to prevent biogas leakage accidents. The integrated desulfurization efficiency is high, reaching 95% to 99%, with low operating costs, high degree of automation, easy operation, and low cost.

　　运行过厌氧反应器的工程师都知道，厌氧反应会产生沼气，而沼气中往往含有一定量的硫化氢（H2S）。不同的工业废水，沼气中硫化氢的含量各有不同。如果硫化氢含量过高，就必须在进锅炉燃烧之前脱除沼气中的硫化氢，以避免腐蚀管道和锅炉。我们就介绍一下当前比较先进的沼气生物脱硫技术。1.沼气的来源沼气通常来源于污水厌氧处理、粪便、秸秆发酵、石油天然气等，净化后的沼气可作为清洁能源，替代天然气、煤炭，用于发电、取暖、生产蒸汽等；分离出的硫化氢气体被转换成固态的生物硫磺，可作为化肥、化工等行业的原料。沼气经过吸收净化可资源利用，即实现了节能减排，也节约了企业的生产成本。干法脱硫一般适合用于沼气量小，硫化氢浓度低的沼气脱硫。什么是沼气酸法脱硫特点

　　Engineers who have run anaerobic reactors know that anaerobic reactions produce biogas, which often contains a certain amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The content of hydrogen sulfide in different industrial wastewater and biogas varies. If the hydrogen sulfide content is too high, it must be removed from the biogas before entering the boiler for combustion to avoid corrosion of pipelines and boilers. Let's introduce the currently advanced biogas biological desulfurization technology. 1. The source of biogas usually comes from anaerobic treatment of sewage, manure, straw fermentation, petroleum and natural gas, etc. Purified biogas can be used as a clean energy source, replacing natural gas and coal, for power generation, heating, steam production, etc; The separated hydrogen sulfide gas is converted into solid biological sulfur, which can be used as a raw material for industries such as fertilizers and chemicals. Biogas can be absorbed and purified for resource utilization, which not only achieves energy conservation and emission reduction, but also saves production costs for enterprises. Dry desulfurization is generally suitable for desulfurization of biogas with low methane volume and low hydrogen sulfide concentration. What are the characteristics of biogas acid desulfurization

　　由于硫化氢有毒、腐蚀性强，限制了沼气的综合利用。乙醇行业沼气生物脱硫设备

　　Due to the toxicity and strong corrosiveness of hydrogen sulfide, the comprehensive utilization of biogas is limited. Ethanol industry biogas biological desulfurization equipment

　　生物脱硫的技术优势，全自动无人值守，高度稳定可靠。深度的硫化氢去除（出口硫化氢含量低于25ppm）可耐受气体流量和硫负荷较宽范围的波动，沼气不会被空气稀释：沼气和空气之间有严格的物理分离，只需少量的碱、水和营养物，没有堵塞和污垢的风险，因此维护工作量少，常温常压运行，产生单质硫：可作为肥料和杀虫剂，沼气生物脱硫技术应用的领域非常较多。污水厌氧处理、粪便、秸秆发酵、石油天然气产生的沼气硫化氢含量过高，都可以应用。

　　The technological advantages of biological desulfurization include fully automatic unmanned operation, high stability and reliability. Deep hydrogen sulfide removal (with an outlet hydrogen sulfide content below 25ppm) can tolerate a wide range of fluctuations in gas flow rate and sulfur load, and biogas will not be diluted by air. There is strict physical separation between biogas and air, requiring only a small amount of alkali, water, and nutrients, without the risk of blockage and fouling. Therefore, the maintenance workload is low, and it operates at room temperature and pressure, producing elemental sulfur. It can be used as fertilizer and insecticide, and biogas biological desulfurization technology has a wide range of applications. Anaerobic treatment of sewage, fermentation of feces and straw, and high hydrogen sulfide content in biogas produced from petroleum and natural gas can all be applied.

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